These have three double courses similar to the stringing of the mandolin and often use a "guitar" tuning.
The balalaika has been made the following sizes:įactory-made six-string prima balalaikas with three sets of double courses are also common. The folk (pre-Andreev) tuning D 4–F ♯ 4–A 4 was very popular, as this makes it easier to play certain riffs. It can also be tuned to E 4–A 4–D 5, like its cousin, the domra, to make it easier for those trained on the domra to play the instrument, and still have a balalaika sound. Sometimes the balalaika is tuned "guitar style" by folk musicians to G 3–B 3–D 4 (mimicking the three highest strings of the Russian guitar), whereby it is easier to play for Russian guitar players, although classically trained balalaika purists avoid this tuning. The most common solo instrument is the prima, which is tuned E 4–E 4–A 4 (thus the two lower strings are tuned to the same pitch). According to one theory, the term was loaned to Russian, where – in literary language – it first appeared in "Elysei", a 1771 poem by V. The term "balabaika" was used in Ukrainian language document from 18th century. The earliest mention of the term balalaika dates back to an 1688 Russian document. The rare piccolo instrument is usually played with a pick. The prima balalaika, secunda and alto are played either with the fingers or a plectrum (pick), depending on the music being played, and the bass and contrabass (equipped with extension legs that rest on the floor) are played with leather plectra.
They are typically strung with three strings, and the necks are fretted.
All have three-sided bodies spruce, evergreen, or fir tops and backs made of three to nine wooden sections (usually maple). There have also been descant and tenor balalaikas, but these are considered obsolete. The prima balalaika is the most common the piccolo is rare. The balalaika family of instruments includes instruments of various sizes, from the highest-pitched to the lowest: the piccolo balalaika, prima balalaika, secunda balalaika, alto balalaika, bass balalaika, and contrabass balalaika. The balalaika (Russian: балала́йка, ) is a Russian stringed musical instrument with a characteristic triangular body and three strings.
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